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Catalogue entry
1916-1917.16
The Jack Pine
Alternate title: Jack Pine: Lake Cauchon
Winter 1916–17
Oil on canvas
50 3/8 x 55 1/16 in. (127.9 x 139.8 cm)
Provenance
Estate of the artist
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa (1519). Purchased 1918
Exhibition History
1918 St. Louis
City Art Museum, St. Louis, Paintings by Canadian Artists, Loaned by the National Gallery of Canada, November 1918, no. 32. Traveled to: Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapolis, February 1919; Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, April 4–May 1, 1919; Milwaukee Art Institute, Milwaukee, May 17–April 12, 1919; Hackley Gallery, Muskegon, Michigan.1920 Thomson
Art Gallery of Toronto, Toronto, Memorial Exhibition of Paintings by Tom Thomson, February 13–29, 1920, no. 2.1922 Thomson NGC
1922.1922 Thomson Owen Sound
1922, no. 28.1924 Wembley
British Empire, Palace of Fine Arts, Wembley Park, London, British Empire Exhibition, Section of Fine Arts, April 23–October 31, 1924, no. 240, ill. in b/w. Traveled to: Leicester Museum and Art Gallery, November 12–December 12, 1924; Kelvingrove Art Galleries, Glasgow, United Kingdom, December 1924–January 17, 1925; City of Birmingham Municipal Art Gallery, Birmingham, United Kingdom, January 30–March 31, 1925.1925 Ghent
Palais des Fêtes, Parc de la Citadelle, Ghent, Belgium, Exposition Triennale de Gand, June 7–August 2, 1925, no. 729.1926 AGT Inaugural
Art Gallery of Toronto, Toronto, Inaugural Exhibition, January 29–February 28, 1926, no. 260.1927 Paris
Musée & du Jeu de Paume, Paris, Exposition d'art canadien, April 10–May 10, 1927, no. 236, (repr.)1932 Thomson
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Imperial Economic Conference, July 18, 1932–January 23, 1933, no. 2.1938 Tate
Tate, London, A Century of Canadian Art, October 15–December 15, 1938, no. 213.1941 Thomson
Art Gallery of Toronto, Toronto, Horatio Walker - Tom Thomson, January 1941.1942 London
Elsie Perrin Williams Memorial Public Library & Art Museum, London, Ontario, Milestones of Canadian Art: A Retrospective Exhibition of Canadian Art from Paul Kane and Kreighoff to the Contemporary Painters, from 9 January 1942, no. 41.1949 Boston
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Forty Years of Canadian Painting: From Tom Thomson and the Group of Seven to the Present Day, July 14–September 25, 1949, no. 89, (repr.)1949 Toronto
Art Gallery of Toronto, Toronto, Fifty Years of Painting in Canada, October–November 1949, no. 29, (repr.)1950 Washington
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Canadian Painting: An Exhibition Arranged by the National Gallery of Canada, October 29–December 10, 1950, no. 78, (repr.) Traveled to: California Palace of the Legion of Honor, San Francisco, January 5–30, 1951; Fine Arts Society of San Diego, San Diego, February 1951; Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California, March 1951; Seattle Art Museum, Seattle, April 4–May 6, 1951; Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, May 15–June 11, 1951.1954 VAG
Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Group of Seven, March 29–April 25, 1954, no. 65, (repr.)1958 Los Angeles
National Gallery of Canada, Canadian Cultural Exhibition, Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, Tom Thomson, January–March 1958.1967 NGC (2)
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Three Hundred Years of Canadian Art, May 12–September 17, 1967, no. 196, (repr.) Traveled to: Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, October 20–November 26, 1967.1968 Owen Sound
Tom Thomson Memorial Art Gallery, Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada, First Anniversary Exhibition, May 24–June 9, 1968, no. 6, (repr. col.)1970 NGC
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, The Group of Seven, June 19–September 8, 1970, no. 69, (repr.) Traveled to: Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal, September 22–October 31, 1970.1971 Thomson
Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, The Art of Tom Thomson, October 30–December 12, 1971, no XV (repr. col.) Traveled to: Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, January 15–February 3, 1972; Winnipeg Art Gallery, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, February 25–March 31, 1972; Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal, April 14–May 28, 1972; Confederation Art Gallery, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, July 2–September 5, 1972.1973 Madison
Elvehjem Art Centre, Madison, Wisconsin, Canadian Landscape Painting 1670 - 1930: The Artist and the Land, April 11–May 23, 1973, no. 51, (repr.) Traveled to: Hopkins Center Art Galleries, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, June 15–August 1, 1973; University Art Museum, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, August 20–October 7, 1973.1975 Thomson
National Gallery of Canada, Rodman Hall Arts Centre, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, Tom Thomson: The Jack Pine, September 12–October 5, 1975, no.11. Traveled to: Nova Scotia Museum of Arts, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, October 20–November 2, 1975; Art Gallery of Greater Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, March 31–April 25, 1976; Art Gallery of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, May 28–June 20, 1976; National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, October 5–December 5, 1976.1984 AGO
Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, The Mystic North: Symbolist Landscape Painting in Northern Europe and North America, 1890 - 1940, January 13–March 11, 1984, no. 117, (repr.) Traveled to: Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, March 31–May 13, 1984.1999 Montreal
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal, Cosmos From Romanticism to the Avant-garde, June 17–October 17, 1999. (repr. col.) Traveled to: Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, November 23, 1999–February 20, 2000; Palazzo Grassi, Venice, Italy, 2000 (Title as Cosmos: From Goya to de Chirico, from Friedrich to Kiefer, Art in Pursuit of the Infinite).2002 Thomson
National Gallery of Canada; Art Gallery of Ontario, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, Tom Thomson, June 7–September 8, 2002, no. 132, (repr. col.) Traveled to: Vancouver Art Gallery, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, October 5, 2002–January 5, 2003; Musée du Québec, Quebec City, February 6–April 3, 2003; Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, May 30–September 7, 2003; Winnipeg Art Gallery, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, September 29–December 7, 2003.2004 St. Petersburg
Art Gallery of Ontario, Alexander Hall, The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Tom Thomson, September 10–November 14, 2004, no. 55, (repr. col.)2011 Dulwich
Dulwich Picture Gallery, London, Painting Canada: Tom Thomson and the Group of Seven, October 19, 2011–January 8, 2012, no. 6, Fig. 1 (repr. col. det.), p. 10, Pl. 10 (repr. col.) Traveled to: National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design, Oslo, Norway, January 29–May 13, 2012; The Groninger Museum, Groninger, the Netherlands, June 3–October 28, 2012.Published References
MacCallum 1918
MacCallum, J.M. "Tom Thomson: Painter of the North." Canadian Magazine 50, no. 5 (March 1918), p. 381 (repr.)Mortimer-Lamb 1919
Mortimer-Lamb, Harold. "Canadian Artists and the War." The Studio 65, no. 270 (September 1915), pp. 125 (repr.) as The Jack Pine, Lake Cauchon.Fairley 1920
Fairley, Barker. "Tom Thomson and Others." Rebel 6, no. 6 (March 1920), pp. 244–47.Mail and Empire 1920a
"Beauty of North Shown in Colour." Mail and Empire (Toronto), 14 February 1920.Toronto Daily Star 1920a
"Memorial Exhibition to Artist of North." Toronto Daily Star, 18 February 1920.Ottawa Citizen 1922
"A Canadian Artist." Ottawa Citizen, 22 February 1922.Ottawa Journal 1922
"Fine Pictures Added to National Gallery." Ottawa Journal, 18 February 1922.Brown 1922a
Brown, Eric. "The National Gallery of Canada: A Story of Struggle and Achievement in Establishing a Little-known Institution." Arts & Decoration (New York) 17, no. 1 (May 1922), p. 28 (repr.)Canadian Magazine 1924
"Fine Arts From Canada." Canadian Magazine 63, no. 3 (July 1924), p. 136 (repr.)Hind 1924
Hind, C. Lewis. "Art and Artists: Canadian Landscape Painters at Wembley." The International Interpreter (New York) 3, no. 8 (24 May 1924), p. 250.Lee 1924
Lee, Rupert. "Canadian Pictures at Wembley." Canadian Forum 4, no. 47 (August 1924), pp. 338–39.NGC 1924a
National Gallery of Canada. A Portfolio of Pictures from the Canadian Section of Fine Arts, British Empire
Exhibition, London, 1924. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1924, (repr.)NGC 1924b
National Gallery of Canada. Press Comments on the Canadian Selection of Fine Arts, British Empire Exhibition. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1924, pp. 7, 15, 20.Canadian 1925
"Canadian Art at Wembley; Other Exhibitions." Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs, 1924-1925 (1925). Toronto: The Canadian Review Company, p. 486.MacTavish 1925
MacTavish, Newton. The Fine Arts in Canada. Toronto: Macmillan Company of Canada Ltd., 1925, p. 150 (repr.)Richmond 1925
Richmond, Leonard. "Canadian Art at Wembley." Studio 89, no. 182 (January 1925), pp. 21, no. 182 (repr. col.)Chassé 1926
Chassé, Charles. "L'Exposition Canadienne à Paris." Le Figaro Hebdomadaire (Paris) (13 April 1927), (repr.)Christian 1926
"Inaugural Exhibition at the Art Gallery of Toronto." Canadian Science Monitor (8 March 1926).Harris, L 1926
Harris, Lawren. "Review of the Toronto Art Gallery Opening." Canadian Bookman 8, no. 2 (February 1926), p. 46.Housser 1926
Housser, Frederick Broughton. A Canadian Art Movement: The Story of the Group of Seven. Toronto: Macmillan Company of Canada Limited, 1926, pp. 117, 120–21.NGC 1926
National Gallery of Canada. Press Comments on the Canadian Section of Fine Arts, British Empire Exhibition,
1924-1925. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1926, pp. 5, 13, 17, 34, 38, 41.Lismer 1926b
Lismer, Arthur. "The Art Gallery of Toronto." The Journal, Royal Architectural Institute of Canada 3, no. 2 (March/April 1926), p. 71.Brown 1927a
Brown, Eric. "La jeune peinture canadienne." L'Art et les artistes 21, no. 75 (March 1927), p. 192 (repr.)Dick 1928
Dick, Stewart. "The National Gallery of Canada: Tom Thomson." Saturday Night 43, no. 42 (1 September 1928).Grayson 1929
Grayson, E.V.K. Picture Appreciation for the Elementary School. Toronto: J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1929, pp. 196–98, 275–76 (repr. col. frontispiece).Davies 1930a
Davies, Blodwen. Paddle and Palette: The Story of Tom Thomson. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1930, p. 23 (repr.)Salinger 1930c
Salinger, Jehanne Bietry. "Peinture et litérature: L'exposition d'art canadien aux Etats-Unis." La revue populaire 23, no. 5 (May 1930), pp. 7–8 (repr.)Onward, 1931
Onward. "Famous Canadian Pictures: The Jack Pine by Tom Thomson." Onward (Toronto) 41, no. 36 (5 September 1931), (repr.)Robson 1932
Robson, Albert H. Canadian Landscape Painters. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1932, p. 145 (repr. col.)Barbeau 1932a
Barbeau, Marius. "Tells Remarkable Story Progress and Achievement." Ottawa Evening Citizen, 27 July 1932.Lismer 1932a
Lismer, Arthur. Outline for Picture Study: The Jack Pine. Series 1, no. 1. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1932.Barbeau 1932b
Barbeau, Marius. "Morrice and Thomson." New Outlook 8, no. 3 (August 1932), (repr.)Davies 1935
Davies, Blodwen. A Study of Tom Thomson: The Story of a Man Who Looked for Beauty and for
Truth in the Wilderness. Toronto: The Discus Press, 1935, pp. 96,107, 110–11 (repr. col.)Robson 1937
Robson, Albert H. Tom Thomson. , Canadian Art Series. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1937, pp. 20–21 (repr. col.)Burgoyne 1937a
Burgoyne, St. George. "Tom Thomson, Painter of the Wilds, Lost to Canadian Art 20 Years Ago." Gazette (Montreal), 25 September 1937, (repr.)McInnes 1940
McInnes, G.C. "Tom Thomson." New World Illustrated 1, no. 1 (March 1940), p. 27 (repr. col.)Buchanan 1945
Buchanan, Donald W. Canadian Painters from Paul Kane to the Group of Seven. Oxford & London: Phaidon Press, 1945, fig. 43 (repr.)Buchanan 1946
Buchanan, Donald W. "Tom Thomson - Painter True North." Canadian Geographical Journal 33, no. 2 (August 1946), p. 99 (repr. col.)Saunders 1947
Saunders, Audrey. Algonquin Story. Toronto: Department of Lands and Forests, 1947, p. 173.Huntsville Forester 1948
"Tom Thompson [sic] and One-Tree Island." Huntsville Forester (ON), 18 November 1948.Department 1957
The Arts in Canada. Ottawa: Department of Citizenship and Immigration, 1957, p. 75 (repr. col.)Atherton 1958
Atherton, Ray. "The Man in a Canoe." Canadian Art 15, no.1 (January 1958), p. 20 (repr. col.)Hubbard 1960b
Hubbard, R.H. National Gallery of Canada, Catalogue of Paintings and Sculpture. Vol. III, Canadian School. Ottawa, Toronto: University of Toronto Press 1960, p. 294 (repr.)Hubbard 1962
Hubbard, R.H. The Gallery of Canadian Art, 2 Tom Thomson. Toronto: Society For Art Publications and McClelland and Stewart Limited, 1962, pp. 7, 11, pl. 3 (repr. col.)Hubbard 1963
Hubbard, R.H. The Development of Canadian Art. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1963, pp. 89–90 , pl. 154 (repr. col.)Brown, M 1964
Brown, Maud. Breaking Barriers: Eric Brown National Gallery. Ottawa: Society for Art Publications, 1964, p. 72.Harper 1966
Harper, J. Russell. Painting in Canada: A History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1955, pp. 279, 282 (repr.)Davies 1967
Davies, Blodwen. Tom Thomson: The Story of a Man Who Looked for Beauty and for Truth in the
Wilderness. Vancouver: Mitchell Press Limited, 1967, page facing 24, 76, 87–88 (repr. col.)Addison 1969
Addison, Ottelyn, Elizabeth Harwood. Tom Thomson, The Algonquin Years. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1969, pp. 54, 59, 76, 81 (repr.)Boggs 1969
Boggs, Jean Sutherland. "The National Gallery of Canada." Canadian Art 26, no. 1 (February 1969), p. 4 (repr.)Mellen 1970
Mellen, Peter. The Group of Seven. Toronto, Montreal: McClelland and Stewart Ltd., 1970, pp. 49, 60–63, 198, 208 (repr. col.)Reid 1970
Reid, Dennis. The Group of Seven. Ottawa: The National Gallery of Canada, 1970. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 106–107.Boggs 1971
Boggs, Jean Sutherland. The National Gallery of Canada. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1971, pl. XXVIII (repr. col.)Murray 1971
Murray, Joan. The Art of Tom Thomson. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario, 1971. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 45, 59, 63 (repr. col.)Dumas 1972
Dumas, Paul. "Exposition rétrospective de Tom Thomson." L'Information medicale et paramiedicale (Montreal) (6 June 1972).Hubbard 1973
Hubbard, R.H. "Landscape Painting in Canada." In Canadian Landscape Painting 1670-1930: The Artist and The Land. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 1973. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 138–139 (repr. col.)Reid 1973
Reid, Dennis. A Concise History of Canadian Painting. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1973, p. 145.Lord 1974
Lord, Barry. Painting in Canada: Towards a People's Art. Toronto: NC Press, 1974, pp. 128–29.Reid 1975
Reid. Tom Thomson: The Jack Pine. 5, Masterpieces in the National Gallery of Canada, The National Gallery of Canada. Ottawa: 1975, pp. 17–33 (repr. col.)Town & Silcox 1977
Town, Harold, and David P. Silcox. Tom Thomson: The Silence and the Storm. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1977, pp. 124, 125, 193 (repr. col.)Mellen 1978
Mellen, Peter. The Landmarks of Canadian Art. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart Ltd., 1978, pp. 9, 172 (repr. col.)Boulet 1982
Boulet, Roger. The Canadian Earth: Landscape Paintings by the Group of Seven. Toronto: Prentice-Hall, 1982, pp. 210–211 (repr. col .)Murray 1984
Murray, Joan. The Best of the Group of Seven. Edmonton, AB: Hurtig, 1984, p. 49 (repr. col.)Nasgaard 1984
Nasgaard, Roald. The Mystic North: Symbolist Landscape Painting in Northern Europe and North America 1890-1940. Toronto, Buffalo, London: Art Gallery of Ontario and University of Toronto Press, 1984. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 180, 184 (repr.)McMichael, R 1986
McMichael, Robert. "One Man's Obsession." One Man's Obsession. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall Canada Inc., 1986, pp. 109, 164.Murray 1986a
Murray, Joan. The Best of Tom Thomson. Edmonton: Hurtig, 1986, pp. 78–79 (repr. col.)Burnett 1990
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Murray, Joan. , pp. 32–33.Bordo 1992
Bordo, Jonathan. "Jack Pine - Wilderness Sublime, or the Erasure of the Aboriginal Presence from the
Landscape." Journal of Canadian Studies 27, no. 4 (1992), pp. 108–25 (repr.)Porcelain Artist 1994
Porcelain Artist (May/June), p. 32 (repr. colour).Murray 1994b
Murray, Joan. Northern Lights: Masterpieces of Tom Thomson and the Group of Seven. Toronto: Key Porter Books Limited, 1994, pp. 74–75 (repr. col.)Booth 1995
Booth, David. Images of Nature: Canadian Poets and The Group of Seven. Toronto: Kids Can Press, 1995, p. 19 (repr. col.)Newlands 1995
Newlands, Anne. The Group of Seven and Tom Thomson: An Introduction. Willowdale, ON: Buffalo, New York, 1995, pp. 36–37 (repr. col.)Davis 1998a
Davis, Ann. Thomson, Thomas John (Tom). Vol. 14 1911-1920, Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998, pp. 998–99.MacHardy 1999
MacHardy, Carolyn Wynne. "Inquiry into the Success of Tom Thomson's The West Wind." University of Toronto Quarterly 68, no. 3 (summer 1999), (repr.)Wistow 1999
Wistow, David, and Kelly McKinley. Meet the Group of Seven. Toronto: Kids Can Press, 1999, p. 18 (repr. col.)Murray 1999a
Murray, Joan. Canadian Art in the Twentieth Century. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1999, p. 25 (repr. col.)Murray 1999b
Murray, Joan. Tom Thomson: Trees. Toronto: McArthur & Company, 1999, pp. 112–13 (repr. col.)Newlands 2000
Newlands, Anne. "Canadian Art: From its Beginnings to 2000." Canadian Art: From its Beginnings to 2000. Toronto: Firefly Books, 2000, p. 305 (repr. col.)Murray 2001
Murray, Joan. The Birth of the Modern: Post Impressionism in Canadian Art, c. 1900-1920. Oshawa: Robert McLaughlin Gallery, 2001. Exhibition catalogue, p. 134.Reid and Hill 2002
Reid, Dennis and Charles C. Hill. Tom Thomson. Vancouver/Toronto: Douglas & McIntyre with the Art Gallery of Ontario and the National Gallery of Canada, 2002. Exhibition catalogue, cover (repr. col. det.), 32, 83, 140–41, 149, 288 (repr. col.)Hill 2003
Hill, Charles C. "The Jack Pine." In Treasures of the National Gallery of Canada, David Franklin (ed.). Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada in association with Yale University Press, 2003, pp. 50–51 (repr. col.)Silcox 2003
Silcox, David P. The Group of Seven and Tom Thomson. Toronto: Firefly Books, 2003, pp. 3, 45, 49–50, 209, 212 (repr. col.)Grace 2004
Grace, Sherrill E. Inventing Tom Thomson: From Biographical Fictions to Fictional Autobiographies and Reproductions. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2004, Frontispiece, Pl. 2 (repr. col.)Newlands 2007
Newlands, Anne. Canadian Paintings, Prints and Drawings. Toronto: Firefly, 2007, pp. 318–319 (repr. col.)King 2010
King, Ross. Defiant Spirits: The Modernist Revolution of the Group of Seven. Vancouver/Toronto: Douglas & McIntyre and the McMichael Canadian Art Collection, 2011, pp. 221–22, 364, 403, 404, 415, 420, Pl. 23 (repr. col.)Whitelaw 2010
Whitelaw, Anne, Brian Foss, and Sandra Paikowsky eds. The Visual Arts in Canada: The Twentieth Century. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2010, pp. 4, 38, 43, back cover (left) (repr. col.)Dejardin 2011
Dejardin, Ian. Painting Canada: Tom Thomson and The Group of Seven. London: Dulwich Picture Gallery, 2011. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 10–11 (repr. col. det.), 18, 51–52, 73 (repr. col.), 81.Murray 2011
Murray, Joan. A Treasury of Tom Thomson. Vancouver, Toronto, Berkeley: Douglas & McIntyre, 2011, pp. 130–131, back cover (repr. col.)Remarks
Letters from E.E.Godin, 15 June 1931, and T.W. Dwight, 2 February 1932, to Blodwen Davies, concur in the opinion that the sketch was done on Grand Lake (Library and Archives Canada, Blodwen Davies fonds (MG30 D38)). R.G. Tozer, Algonquin Park Naturalist, Parks Canada, adds that the background is clearly Carcajou Bay (Tozer to Murray, September 13, 1995). Charles C. Hill suggests that the sketch was painted in the north of Algonquin Park, most probably at Lake Cauchon, in the spring of 1916.
Record last updated February 16, 2016. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Murray, Joan. ""The Jack Pine, Winter 1916–17 (1916-1917.16)." In Tom Thomson Catalogue Raisonné. www.tomthomsoncatalogue.org/catalogue/entry.php?id=635 (accessed on April 19, 2024).